Medical Waste Regulation: Recommendations for Cleaning Up the Mess

In many applications, design or analysis is performed over a finite frequency range of interest. The importance of the H2/robust H2 norm highlights the necessity of computing this norm accordingly. This paper provides different methods for computing upper bounds on the robust finite-frequency H2 norm for systems with structured uncertainties. An application of the robust finite-frequency H2 norm for a comfort analysis problem of an aero-elastic model of an aircraft is also presented

Waste Management as a Practical Approach to Sustainable Development: A Case Study of the University of Benin,Faculty of Physical Sciences

The wastes generated in the Faculty of Physical Sciences shopping complex and offices on daily basis for a  period of one week continuous sampling have been determined. The summation of the wastes generated amounted to 355.38kg; the volume was arrived at following the daily scientific survey by gathering all wastes matrix generated in a particular day followed by manual sorting and weighing of the various fractions. Out of the total volume of the wastes generated, food wastes accounted for the total of 129.39 kg/week amounting to 37%, paper and cardboard accounted for 105.73 kg/week taking 30% of the total. Plastic, glass and metals accounted for 92.91kg /week, 15.93kg/week, and 9.42kg/week i.e. (26%, 4% and 3%) of the total waste matrix respectively. Correlation at P < 0.5 two tailed  shows a positive correlation indicating that wastes generated were from a similar source, The results were presented in graphs. The ultimate results show that  over 100% of the wastes generated in the complex are recyclable and will increase the institution income and create employment opportunities if properly managed while in the same process enhance sustainable development.Keywords: Waste, Generation, Recycle, Management and sustainable developmen

Guidelines for sustainable urban zero pollution community (S.U.Z.C)

The concept of sustainability has been introduced in the 1980s with the focus of environmental protection, where many developed and developing countries were and still are aiming to reach sustainability. Yet, with the increase of urbanization level, the tendency to meet the needs of the rising population is increasing without the focus of the environmental resources that are being abused in return. This leads to increasing the gap and the greed within the community between the rich people who can afford to abuse resources and the poor who can barely access their daily needs. This gap is concluded in an ignorant, negatively diversified and laid back community; in addition to threatening the upcoming generations about finding their needs in terms of natural resources being available for them. Solving this over looked problem is defined under applying sustainability concept for communities. Not only that but also presenting the full image of environmental and occupant’s impacts to prevent the greed behind the need of having a secured, resourceful living. The primary focus in this thesis was first to study novel approaches of zero pollution to implement within the application of sustainability concepts within the community. Starting with the tourism communities which are counted to be the primary income source to Egypt and some countries. The integration of sustainability concept with ecotourism communities via applying a zero waste concept is essential. Moving a step further, studying the effect of zero waste concept on the sustainable urban communities was another focus. This emphasis was considered after the realization of urbanization increase, which means more natural resources being abused. One further step is studying the environmental effect from urban communities was the next and main objective of this thesis topic. Urban communities affected the environment not only by solid wastes but also by water, energy and land usage; by this it is also affecting the sustainability of an urban community. Thus proposing several solutions to conserve water, utilize solid wastes, save energy and optimize land usage was the main focus. These proposed solutions are considered as novel approaches known as Zero Pollution, designed as guidelines to serve the urban community aiming at saving the environment. The proposed Sustainable Urban Zero Pollution Community (S.U.Z.C.) guidelines consists of 100 credits, that are hypothetically identified as a measuring tool, and focuses on three major segments for community guidance and evaluation. These segments are known as sustainable site management (36 credits), environmental management (44 credits) and a new integration of green team/ sustainability champions (20 credits). In addition to proposing guidelines for owners either residential or commercial buildings within the community, so as to ensure that everyone within the community is aware about the main objective and abiding to the sustainable community needs. These guidelines should serve and encourage the investing owners to act sustainably as the proposed community aims at. Two rating systems were also developed in this thesis, one for the community rating and the other is for the buildings’ owners’ evaluation and reward. The reward is reduction in operational cost for encouraged and participated owners towards sustainability as mentioned in Chapter 3 in this thesis. The proposed guidelines were compared with the widely used community rating system, LEED- ND which is more applicable for the developed countries. The comparative analysis was done and discussed in Chapter 4 in this thesis, and it is concluded that there are several advantages of the proposed guidelines for the S.U.Z.C over LEED-ND starting with being simple, focused, understandable and inexpensive to follow with easiness and efficiency points of focus being the main drivers for it. While also being purposeful about energy, water, air, materials and habitat as mentioned in chapter 3 in this thesis under several novel approaches. And this shall serve any developed and developing country, any new or existing community. Last but not least, Madinaty- New Cairo, a promising sustainable future urban community, was considered as the case study in this thesis. It is an application to the proposed guidelines to know how easy, understandable and applicable the guidelines are to users. The case study was evaluated based on the proposed guidelines points and rating system, and the evaluation is presented in Chapter 5 in this thesis. The conclusion of this section shows that Madinaty-New Cairo is in-line with the guidelines pre-requisites in terms of designing for green buildings, weighing the available landscape in rational proportions for infrastructure vs green areas vs corresponding parking spaces. In addition to meeting 54 credits out of the proposed 100 credits which qualifies Madinaty to a Bronze certification as per the proposed S.U.Z.C. rating system

Initial comparisons of modular-sized, integrated utility systems and conventional systems for several building types

The results of a study of the application of a modular integrated utility system to six typical building types are compared with the application of a conventional utility system to the same facilities. The effects of varying the size and climatic location of the buildings and the size of the powerplants are presented. Construction details of the six building types (garden apartments, a high rise office building, high rise apartments, a shopping center, a high school, and a hospital) and typical site and floor plans are provided. The environmental effects, the unit size determination, and the market potential are discussed. The cost effectiveness of the various design options is not considered

Feasibility of Frying Oil After Treatment by a Biofuel Company in Manaus - Amazonas

Waste generation has increased in many sectors given the demand and population growth. Reverse logistics comes to contribute to the return of these wastes to the production chain. In this context, frying oil is one of the most processed waste and transformed into new products, such as: biofuel, boiler fuel, soap manufacturing, concrete formwork release agent etc. Oil is one of the wastes whose recycling only happens by law, because it has low added value, unlike plastic, aluminum and copper, whose values ​​are higher. The average oil consumption in Brazil reaches 3 billion liters per year, but only 2.5% of this total is recycled, the others are discarded in the wild. The aim of this study is to analyze Reverse Logistics at different points, seeking to describe the chain steps, from the final consumer, through the PEV and ending in the companies that will reuse the frying oil already treated. In Manaus, the logistics of frying oil is done by cooperatives and private companies, being MASSEG, the largest company in the segment. This research has an explanatory character, approaching a case study, which made it possible to observe the financial and environmental feasibility of reverse logistics for the collection of frying oil, carried out at Condomínio Shopping Manauara Center, in the city of Manaus, AM. To reverse this scenario, many companies are investing in the reverse logistics process. Procedures such as leaving drums empty so that they are filled with waste oil, separation of solid waste and water from oil, are already part of the routine of tenants that also contribute to non contamination of water bodies. The collection, transportation, filtering, decantation and commercialization of the product already treated, for fuel purposes, is performed by the company itself. Finally, the company uses part of the treated oil to manufacture biodiesel, applied to the consumption of its own fleet, with no commercialization of the generated biodiesel. Thus there is a reduction in the use and costs with usual fuels (fossils), seeking to add the culture of sustainability

Guidelines and Methods for Conducting Porperty Transfer Site Histories

HWRIC Project 90-077NTIS PB91-10508

Determination of Science Students' Awareness on Waste Management

In this research, it was aimed to determine science students’ awareness of waste management. Eleven students studying in the first year of the Science Education Department participated in the research. The screening model was used in the research. The data were collected through scientific newspapers prepared in line with the Scientific Newspaper Preparation Instruction within the Scope of Waste Management. In the five sections of the instruction, students were asked to prepare scientific newspapers that they will support with written explanations and drawings on recovery, reuse, recycling, plastic bag usage, and zero waste within waste management. The data were analyzed by using content analysis. As a result of the research, it was understood that a significant part of the students was aware of the effects of education, research, and project activities on recovery, reuse, recycling, plastic bag usage, and zero waste practices within the scope of waste management, and the place and importance of the individual in waste management. On the other hand, it was understood that most of the students were not aware of the basis of waste management practices as the waste types, the separation of wastes at the source in accordance to their types, and throwing the wastes into the appropriate waste bin for their types.

Reduce, Reuse, and Replace: A Study on Solutions to Plastic Wastes

This project aimed to examine the quantities of plastic wastes discarded and the fate of various plastics in the environment. Our Interactive Qualifying Project was concerned with researching the possible alternatives to plastics, mainly biodegradable plastics that have been claimed to biodegrade and help environment. Moreover, it was also required to evaluate the best methods to deal with our plastic wastes that are environmentally, economically, and energy-wise viable